The list of functions of the human pancreas includes the production of most digestive enzymes, without which the normal course of vital processes of the gastrointestinal tract is impossible, as well as insulin synthesis. If there is a malfunction in the work of this organ, pancreatitis develops. This disease is inflammation of the pancreas, usually caused by the interruption in the normal excretion of enzymes.
Special features of nutrition for acute and chronic pancreatitis
In the absence of pathologies in the body, enzymes get into the intestines, but due to pancreatitis, they remain in this organ and begin to gradually corrode its inner shell. Very often, patients with pancreatitis develop poisoning, as a result of which intestinal particles and enzyme residues enter the bloodstream. The acute course of the disease usually ends with surgery if therapy and nutrition do not produce the desired results.
Chronic pancreatitis is usually caused by overeating, alcohol or drug abuse, the use of hormonal or estrogenic drugs, and existing gallbladder and liver disorders. With two types of this disease, gastroenterologists recommend following a special diet for pancreatitis, which involves making an approximate menu.
Acute pancreatitis: diet menu for the week
In order to normalize the condition of the patient's body, the nutritionist prescribes a special therapeutic food to remove swelling and inflammation in the pancreas. In addition to drug treatment, short-term fasting is also prescribed, which will help avoid surgery. During fasting, gastric juice is no longer produced and the activity of the enzymes also decreases, which helps the damaged organ to recover in a few days.
In the first days of such a fast, it is recommended to drink mineral gas without gas, diluted green tea or rosehip broth in small portions several times a day. Drinking can help prevent dehydration, but after you stop fasting you need to gradually move on to eating. With acute pancreatitis, a strict diet is followed, the menu for a week should be drawn up by a specialist. The standard diet for 5 days includes the following foods:
- dry bread or a loaf of wheat flour;
- liquid jelly or fruit drinks;
- slimy rice or oatmeal broth;
- liquid mashed potatoes without added oil;
- mashed grains such as oatmeal, rice, semolina or buckwheat;
- dry cookies;
- bread or crackers.
After 6 days, other foods and drinks can be added to the pancreatitis menu. It can be black or green tea, sweetened with a little sugar or honey with the addition of milk, beet juice with a little mineral water. The list of allowed meals includes:
- steamed protein omelette;
- Quark soufflé;
- minced meat or minced meat;
- liquid slimy soups;
- berry or apple mousses and jellies;
- steamed vegetable puree and pudding without oil.
Sample menu for pancreatitis for one week
The diet for acute pancreatitis should be quite strict, so the patient should stick to the menu that has been put together for him for a week. An example of such a diet is shown below, but the exact list of dishes must be agreed with the doctor.
1st day
- Breakfast. Liquid porridge made from rice or semolina, a fruit, for example an orange, pear or apple, weak tea with the addition of honey.
- Late breakfast. Pumpkin puree, steamed schnitzel from fish or chicken, rosehip broth.
- lunch. Fish or beef broth, mashed potatoes, dried white bread, baked apples as dessert.
- afternoon snack. A small portion of cottage cheese and weak tea with the addition of honey.
- dinner. A protein steam omelette, a dry slice of white bread, vegetable puree.
2nd day
- Breakfast. Milk oatmeal, jelly, or tea (green or black).
- Late breakfast. Apple puree mixed with cottage cheese.
- lunch. Broccoli or cauliflower based puree soup, steamed chicken meatballs.
- afternoon snack. Dry cookies and green tea.
- dinner. Rice or cottage cheese pudding, jelly or tea.
3rd day
- Breakfast. Rice-based liquid porridge, green tea with a dry biscuit.
- Late breakfast. Baked apple with honey or cottage cheese.
- lunch. Vegetable soup based on cauliflower, potatoes, peas or carrots combined with meatballs and dried fruit compote.
- afternoon snack. Pureed cottage cheese and weak tea.
- dinner. Lean fish, baked or steamed.
General recipes
The sample menu may contain special recipes that are recommended for pancreatic pancreatitis. To prevent the condition from worsening, every component of an individual dish must be coordinated with a doctor or nutritionist, who usually recommends the preparation of certain first and second courses and special desserts himself.
Pumpkin and carrot puree
To prepare such a diet puree, you will need 400 grams of pumpkin and two carrots. They need to be peeled and cut into medium cubes. The vegetables are then cooked in boiling water until they are soft enough. At the end of the cooking process, all or part of the water can be drained out of the pot in order to obtain a thinner mixture. Using a blender, you need to turn vegetables into a homogeneous mass and serve.
Fish soup
To make a liquid soup, you need to take half a kilo of lean fish, e. g. B. Cod, hake, pikeperch or flounder, one and a half liters of water, a teaspoon of butter and 50 ml of milk. Fish fillets are cut into small pieces and gently cooked in water or vegetable stock. Bring the separately preheated milk with the butter melted in it to a boil, pour the fish broth into it, add the fillet and cook everything together for a few minutes.
It is worth remembering that with the acute form of pancreatitis, it is strictly forbidden to eat fatty and fried foods, foods that stimulate fermentation in the digestive tract, drink alcohol, kvass, kefir and carbonated drinks.
Pancreatitis menu
When it comes to diet for pancreatic pancreatitis and a sample menu, many gastroenterologists recommend following the well-known Diet No. 5, which is usually prescribed after the patient's condition improves in the acute form of the disease. Foods approved as part of the diet are safe to include in the diet after fasting. Typically, such a diet is divided into two stages, each of which is different in time.
In the first phase, you can only consume pureed foods for two weeks. After the end, the patient is transferred to the second, less strict menu option, which lasts at least six to eight months. In the first phase, you can eat liquid unsalted dishes with a predominant proportion of carbohydrates, drink fruit drinks, juices and boiled rose hip with the addition of honey or sugar. Fatty, fried or salty foods are strictly prohibited.
After the fifth day of the diet, the calories should be gradually increased, at the same time the fat intake should be limited. From the sixth to the ninth day of such a diet, the total caloric content of food consumed per day should not exceed 1000 calories. After the tenth, the number of calories can be increased, and the patient is transferred to the second diet option for pancreatitis for a week.
Diet for the chronic form of the disease
Pancreatitis often becomes a chronic form. In this case, special diets for pancreatic pancreatitis are more relevant than ever, which makes it possible to fully normalize the condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Characteristic seizures occur regularly due to improper diet, especially when the list of dishes includes prohibited foods, including boiled eggs, candy, chocolate, milk, soda, and other similar foods. Symptoms of the disease are flatulence, noticeable heaviness after the next meal, frequent vomiting. Very often, chronic pancreatitis leads to the appearance of diabetes mellitus, especially in cases when the patient did not go to the doctor on time and did not take special drugs.
It is imperative that a nutritionist or gastroenterologist develop a special menu for pancreatitis for a week, which includes foods that are light and easily digestible. It is especially useful to drink mineral water without gas for two days, as well as a decoction of wild rose or weak, weak tea. It is necessary to switch to a low-calorie diet as soon as possible and prepare meals with a minimum content of fats and carbohydrates. Food intake should be fractionated, it is necessary to eat at least 5-6 times a day. The list of products that make up the menu for chronic pancreatitis must include:
- Wheat rusks (bought or prepared yourself);
- liquid vegetable or grain soups;
- baked or boiled meat, including chicken, veal or rabbit;
- steamed lean fish;
- cottage cheese with a low fat content;
- unsalted and low-fat cheese;
- semi-liquid and liquid grain;
- vegetable puree and stew;
- baked and grated fruits;
- light jellies, mousses and compotes.
Sample menu and list of prohibited dishes
The menu for chronic pancreatitis in adults and children must certainly be varied, despite the rather strict restrictions, while adherence to the daily routine must be carefully monitored and taken by the hour. As a rule, a weekly menu is prepared by a specialist who will give detailed instructions and advice to the patient, help in choosing suitable recipes for dishes, and talk about the properties of some products. It is worth paying attention to the approximate menu for pancreatitis, which you can focus on when creating your own diet:
- Breakfast. Oatmeal with milk, boiled rose hip.
- Second breakfast. Steamed chicken or beef, weak tea.
- lunch. Carrot and pumpkin puree soup, steamed fish and tea.
- afternoon snack. Cottage cheese for baby food.
- dinner. Zucchini stew with carrots, boiled chicken breast, dried fruit compote.
- dinner. A glass of low-fat kefir.
The pancreatic inflammation diet and approximate menu have strict restrictions because many foods can overstimulate pancreatic secretion and gastric juice production. The list of prohibited products includes:
- fatty meat and fish, smoked meat, sausages and canned food;
- meat and fish broths and mushroom soups;
- Cabbage soup, borscht, okroshka;
- fatty dairy products;
- fried eggs and boiled eggs;
- all kinds of legumes, white cabbage, radishes, onions, garlic, spinach, sorrel, eggplant, peppers and mushrooms;
- Butter and flour baked goods, sweets, chocolate;
- Coffee, black strong tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks.
Recipes for chronic pancreatitis
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis and the right menu should be selected by a specialist. Patients need to master several new recipes that are ideal for normalizing the digestive tract.
Vegetable puree soup
To prepare you need an unsweetened yellow or green pepper, 200 g broccoli and cauliflower, 1 zucchini. Cut the vegetables into cubes, add 1. 5 liters of water and cook until soft. Then you need to drain the water and make mashed potatoes with a mixer.
Apple pastila
For a healthy marshmallow diet, you need 1 kg of apples, diced and peeled, put in a saucepan, add water and boil. After they have cooked enough, you need to remove the pan from the heat, drain the water and let the apples cool. Then they are crushed with a blender, the resulting puree must be squeezed out, and the excess juice poured into a separate container. Then the juice is separately boiled in a saucepan until it becomes thick, there add 100 g of liquid honey and boil until a syrup is obtained. After that, the juice is mixed with mashed potatoes, the mass is placed on a baking sheet and placed in an oven preheated to 120 degrees to dry the marshmallow.
Recommendations from doctors
In most cases, a diet for pancreatitis and adherence to a strict menu for a week will give excellent results, since such a nutritional system has a very gentle effect on the internal organs. According to doctors, after the results of such diets, the work of the pancreas is stabilized, mainly due to a decrease in the concentration of gastric juice. Experts recommend completely eliminating alcohol during treatment and constantly sticking to a balanced and proper diet. In addition to improving the digestive tract, thanks to the menu of inflammation of the pancreas and light food, you can significantly reduce weight and improve the general condition of the body.